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The planet that 'shouldn't exist': The Earth-close body baffling astronomers

Published January 10, 2026, 18:09
The planet that 'shouldn't exist': The Earth-close body baffling astronomers

Mercury has become one of the biggest mysteries in planetary science: it is small, excessively… metallic and 'stuck' in an orbit that does not easily fit with planet formation models. Its composition, with a disproportionately large metallic core occupying 85% of its radius, leaves a thin layer of rock on its surface, which challenges theories about how rocky planets form. In addition, the presence of volatile elements and evidence of water ice in polar craters raises new questions about how Mercury managed to retain these elements in such an extreme environment. Scientists recognize that Mercury is a challenge to understanding the creation of planets and continue to study data from missions such as Mariner 10 and Messenger to solve the puzzle.