Politis

Challenges and Opportunities in Textile Waste Management in the EU

Published January 6, 2026, 16:12
Challenges and Opportunities in Textile Waste Management in the EU

The European Union (EU) is preparing to address a significant challenge: the management of the vast amounts of textile waste generated each year. From January 1, 2025, member states will be required to collect textile products separately for reuse and recycling, in accordance with the EU waste framework directive. Textile consumption in the EU is increasing, averaging 19 kg per person in 2022, with 12 kg being discarded annually. Globally, textile recycling rates are extremely low, with less than 1% being converted into new products. The European Commission has proposed a revision of the EU rules on waste, including textiles, and the European Parliament has already approved new measures to prevent and reduce this waste. The new rules introduce the extended producer responsibility (EPR) system, where companies placing textile products on the market will be responsible for covering the costs of collection, sorting, and recycling. The EPR system will apply to all producers, regardless of their location (within or outside the EU) or sales method (including e-commerce). Very small businesses will have additional time to comply. The rules cover a wide range of products, including clothing, accessories, footwear, bedding, and curtains. Furthermore, member states can extend the EPR to mattress producers. In Bulgaria, the collection of textile waste is increasing, with over 8,000 tons collected separately in 2024, compared to 6,500 tons in 2023. At least 70% of the collected textiles are prepared for reuse or recycling, with reuse being prioritized due to its higher environmental benefits. The EU's new policies are expected to further encourage the circular economy in the textile sector.